Beautiful town Podolsk
Podolsk is situated at a distance of 43 km from the center of Moscow. The
town appeared from not
a large village «Podol». Thevillage Podol
(Podol-Pahra) is known as a patrimony of Moscow Danilov monastery since 1627-28.
The name is formed of term “podol” (into English “lap”), which reflects location
of the Kremlin. Situated on the large trade highway, which connected Moscow with
the western and southern princedoms of Russia, and the Pahra river, which had
transport significance in old times, the village grew quickly and in 1781 it was
reorganized into chief town of the uyezd Podol, but soon by the name of uyezd
official form Podolsk was consolidated.
In XIX century the main trade of inhabitants was trading, transportation and
white coal and rubble production. Economical development of Podolsk in XIX
century precipitated building Brest-Litovskaya road in 1844-47, the railway – in
1866. Besides, in 1900 year in Podolsk appeared the
american mechanical
factory «Zinger» - for making sewing machines and produce some
details for them. That's why the town was rapidly developed at the beginning XX
cent. The first sewing – machines were put on the market in 1903 year.
The main production was interrupted on several years in 1918 year, when the
factory was under the
soviet government. The first soviet sewing – machines
were making in 1924.
In the World War II time Podolsk was fronted town. Podolsk enterprises
rendered the important assistance for the front, which began to put
out some ammunition, repaired tanks and other military technics.
Before the war in Podolsk were opened artillery and infantry military
schools, where more than three thousand cadets studied there. 5 October 1941
year Podolsk cadets were raised by the alarm, and for several days they helped
to protect the town. In the course of violent battles were killed a lot of
cadets. Podolsk cadets and soldiers from 43th part of russian army detered
the pressure of fascists
army and helped to gain time in oder to taking
Moscow reserves.
At present time Podolsk – is one of the largest industry centers of Moscow
region. Podolsk is the first small town in Russia, which was awarded the highest
national reward – by order of Peter the Great, for outstanding services and
progresses, assisting well – being of Russia.
The architecture of Podolsk is typically soviet, presented with the building
of Stalin and Khruschev times. One of the most interesting modern buildings in
the center of the town – was a late gymnasium, which was built in 1912. It was
the most beautiful construction of that time.
In the town were kept all sorts of merchant's buildings XIX cent., and also
several big ensembles of stone houses of last century.
The main ensemble of
industry architecture is the factory «Zinger», which has a vast territory
between roads of railway.
One of the wonderful sights of the town is the Iced Palace «Vityaz». This
palace appeared in 2000 year and is considered one of the best iced palace in
the country. Sport club «Vityaz» is truly unique apparition for Russia. In its
sections are combined about three dozens kinds of sport – on free basis, with
tennis exception. There are also sections for children with limited capacity.
Not far from club is erected the monument – knight on the horse, ancient russian
warrior in hard hat and chain armour.
In the centre of Podolsk are kept two temples – «Troizky Cathedral»,
including in the ensemble of lost trade lines in 1960, and white stoned church
«Voskresenia Christ (1724)».
The Cathedral of Troiza Zhivonachalnaya – was built in
1819-32 years in honour of the victory in the Patriotic War 1812. It created as
the compositional centres, determined the architectural look. This cathedral was
built on the high bank, and rose under the surroundings, attracting
attention and renewing the panorama of the town. It is the great
five - domed cathedral, made empire with three – tiers ring, and has two side –
altar.
In soviet times Troizky cathedral was the one working town
cathedral of Moscow region. In the cathedral Zhivonachalnoy are kept its own
relics: Jerusalem icon of God's Mother and, esteemed people, and two caskets
with parts of sacred bones.
«Voskresenskaya church» is one of the ancient churches in
Podolsk. This church is mentioned in old books (1627-1628), when on place of
modern town was settled the village Podol. At first the temple was wooden, but
after the fire was built the stone temple. Afterwards the church was closed, its
ring was destroyed. Rebirth of the temple began in 1995 year, at the same time
was the first divine service.
Near the river is placed the Historic Memorial Museum «Podolje». Thanks for
citizen forces succeeded in keeping a historical core in forming Podolsk. At
present time it is the one historical monument, which isn't changed since its
opening.
There are farmsteads in Podolsk such as : Ivanovskoe, Plesheevo, Voronovo,
Krasnoe, Polivanovo.
In the farmstead «Dubrovitse» there is the temple of the
Blessed Virgin, it is the one temple in Russia, which is crowed by tracery gilt
crown. It was expected that this temple was built by iyalian workers.
As
concerns the farmstead «Dubovitse» itself, This architectural complex was built
in 1627 year, and include three – store prince's house with balconies, terraces
and galleries. The owner of this Farmstead were the families of Golizin,
Dmitrievi – Mamonovi.
One of the ancient farmstead in Near Moscow is Ivanovskoe.
The farmstead «Ivanovskoe»
The estate is based at the end
of XVIII century by I. I. Golovin. A three-storied house with side wings (in the
eastern wing a church was built in the second quarter of XIX century);
two-storied outhouses, united with the house in 1820, a park pavilion; the
theater building, the metallic fence of the smart entry with the gates of 1820s
have been kept. In the main corps of the house there is the museum of Russian
Federation vocational education. In the left wing – the Museum of local lore.
The exposition of the museum gives an idea of the history of Podolsk town,
its vicinities, about inhabitants’ occupation. Researcher will be interested in
the collection of archeological monuments of the south of Moscow region. Those
who study military operations of our country may get to know the military events
of 1812 and 1941. The museum keeps the collections of flinty and bone articles
of the Iron Age, the collection of painting and graphic of Podolsk artists and
also the collection of materials of the factory in producing sewing
machines»Zinger»
In the farmstead «Ostafjevo» there are a lot of places for
walking and interesting museums. The alley on its territory leads to the
beautiful two – stored place (1801), which is connected with wings colonnades.
The visitors of this farmstead were: Zhukovsky, Griboedov, Kuchelbeker. It is
the Russian Historical Heritage.
The farmstead «Voronovo» was appeared in XVII cent., many
famous names were connected with it, such as Voloskoy, Vorontsov,
Sheremetjev.
The architectural monuments were kept – the main farmstead house and Dutch
house. Dutch house is a rare appearance of park construction – such architecture
is suitable for St. Petersburg's estate. The unique monument of garden – park
art is Voronovsky park.
It should be mentioned, that the main estate house
reconstructed at the end of XIX cent., when the owner was Sheremetjev.
The farmstead «Michailovskoe» On the picturesque banks at
the end of XVIII cent. was raised palace ensemble with beautiful and strong
balconies, by initials M.K. - Michael Kretchetnikov. He was a grandee under the
queen Catherine II. This two – stored house was built in classicism style. There
is a church near the house, which was consecrated in the nane of archangel
Michael.
At present time on the territory of farmstead is settled a pension
with well – furnished park zone and pound.
The farmstead «Krasnoe» This name appeared thanks to its
picturesque places. There is a beautiful church in this estate. The temple was
made in Baroque taste, and was built in 1706 year, at the same time was created
this farmstead.
At present time on its territory there are a violet park and wonderful
pounds. All territory is divided between various department.
|
