The history of town Temruk origin
The center of the Tamansky peninsula, town Temruk, is situated in 136 km to the west from Krasnodar in the mouth of the Kuban on the slopes of mountain Miska. Population makes up 37 thousand people. Economics – a sea port in 4 km from the town, agriculture and processing industry.
Nobody from specialists-historians can give an exact definition of the time when a settlement on the place of present town Temruk was formed. Though there are all grounds for suggestion that people lived on the place of the present town already in the time of antiquity (V-III centuries BC). It is known that the first mentions about a predecessor of Temruk appeared in XIII century after the Mongol-Tatar invasion.
In 1239 on the place of present Temruk Mongol-Tatars founded town Tumnev. The present name appeared later after Circassian prince Temruk this town had laid hold on the town. In 1556 Kabardian prince Temruk, marring off her daughter to Ivan the Terrible, with the help of Russian soldiers captured and destroyed Tumnev and erected his castle Temruk on its place.
In 15 years the fortress was usurped by Turks and was in their possession till the end of XVIII century. The Black Sea Cossaks, migrated in Kuban, set up in this place Temruk kuren, which became a station in 1843 and in 1860 – the town. Traditional inhabitants were engaged in fishery, agriculture, gardening and wine-growing. The port which opened at the end of XIX century, transshipped mostly bread and fish. According to archive data, in 1890 population of Temruk made up 15 thousand people. Industry was represented by half-handicraft establishments: butter-making, canning, soap, cooperage. There are 17 windmills and 1 steammills. The most powerful working organization in the town was a work association of dockers.
In the years of the civil war Temruk passed from hand to hand and in the years of the Second World war became an arena of serious fights. Not far from the town went the famous “Blue line” in digging of which over 30 companies of Red army participated.
The famous soviet pilots, the future marshals of aviation: Pokrishkin L.I., Savitsky E.Y., Novikov A.A., Glinka D.B. – were notable in air fights above Taman. Resistance of Hitlerites was desperate also because of the fact that across Temruk there was a road to port Caucasus, and through it – to Crimea. Only in September of 1943 Nazi army was forced out of Taman.
On the 27th September of 1983 in the day of 40-anniversary of the town liberation from Nazis on the mountain of extinct volcano Miska in the center of Temruk there is a museum of military equipment in the open “Military hill”. Here there are rifle arms, tanks, plans, motor torpedo-boats, rockets (visiting with a guide from April to October). After the war Temrukovsky commercial port lost his significance and turned into a harbor of fishing port. But after disintegration of the USSR and separating of powerful deep-see ports of the Black sea coast of Ukraine significance of Temruksky harbor rose again. At the end of 1990-s Temruk received the status of an international port; serious measures in development of port infrastructure and increase of cargo transportations.
Now in the town there are more than 10 industrial plants, including fish cannery, milk plant, bread-baking plant, wine-making plants, garment factory. In 14 km from Temruk railroad Crimea - Caucasus lies, in 19 km – motor high road Pavlovskaya – Krasnodar - port Caucasus.
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